Photo on the right: famous mainland Chinese martial artist / swordsman - Mr Yu Chenghui, founder of a modern 2-handed jian system.
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There are at present, a total of 20 Chinese 2-handed swordsmanship schools/styles I have found:
1)Founder: General Qi Jiguang (1528-1587) Name of style: (Miao Dao) Xing You Dao Fa Manual: Ji Xiao Xin Shu (chapter 4) and Muye Dobo Tongji (pages 131-140) -- See below for manual Followers: Ming military, possibly Qing military as well
2)Founder: Shaolin Monk by the name of Cheng Zongyou (1561 - ?) Name of style: Miao Dao variant number 1 (Dan Dao Fa) Manual: http://miaodao.freewebspace.com/ -- "Dan Dao Fa Xuan" Followers: A Qing scholar/martial artist with the surname Wu (1611-1695) has incorporated this form into his manual called "shoubilu", still extant today. Qing civilians and present day Chinese as well
3)Founder: Guo Changsheng (active 1920s) Name of style: Miao Dao variant number 2 (spin-off of Shaolin monk Cheng 's original form) Manual: "Pigua Quan", published by renmin tiyu chubanshe 1999, Beijing Followers: Present day Chinese
4)Founder: Han Zhichao (born 1950-60s ?? ) Supposedly a prominent Chinese martial artist and a gold medalist in the national competition meets, presently the director of the Hebei province Cangzhou "Linchong wushu" school Name of style: Miao Dao variant number 3 Manual: Unknown but I will try to search it out Followers: His father Han Junyuan (born 1928 ) of all people won 2 gold medals for the performance of his son's form at the 1986 and 1991 national competition meets.
5)Founder: General Li Rusong (a Chinese warrior of Korean descent who lived from 1549-1598) Name of style: "Je Dok Gum" (Korean terminology applied) Manual: Muye Dobo Tongji (pages 223-232) Followers: Present day Koreans ??
6)Founder: Most likely originated in the Qing Dynasty Name of style: "Da Dao" weapon form of the Chuo Jiao Fan Zi Quan style Manual: Unknown but a VCD is available Followers: Present day Chinese
7)Founder: Unknown but of Shaolin Temple origins Name of style: Shaolin Luohan Dao Fa Manual: There is a manual (published 1928) by famous martial artist Huang Xiao Xia but I am not able to find it anywhere, it is probably hiding somewhere in some Chinese library. Followers: Taught by famous martial artist of the Jing Wu Association, Sun Yu Feng to one of his favourite pupils Huang Xiao Xia, who consquently taught Chinese soldiers and civilians in the resistance movement in 1920s-30s this form to counter the invading Japanese soldiers' swordplay. This form is still practiced and taught in HongKong.
8)Founder: Ma Fengtu (active in the late Qing and early Republican era) Name of style: "Po Feng Ba Dao" or "8 Dao moves of Breaking the Vanguard" (using the "Da Dao") Manual: Unknown Followers: 1920s Chinese North-West Army
9)Founder: Li Yao Chen (1876-1973) Name of style: Wu Ji Dao Fa (using the "Da Dao") Manual: Unknown Followers: 1930s-40s Chinese military
10)Founder: Shang Yunxiang (1864-1937) Name of style: Wu Xing Dao (or 5 Action Dao) of the Xing Yi style (using the "Da Dao") Manual: Unknown Followers: 1930s-40s Chinese military
11)Founder: Huang Po-Nien Name of style: Da Dao of the Xing Yi style Manual: Book is available for order online Title -- "Hsing-i (Xing Yi) Fist and Weapon Instruction" (Volume 1) Followers: 1930s-40s Chinese military and present day Chinese ??
12)Founder: Huang Hanxun Name of style: Jun Da Dao Shu (translated as "Military Da Dao Forms") Manual: Title -- "Classical Shaolin Quan, Volume 4: Jun Da Dao Shu (Military Big Sabre Art)" Followers: 1930s-40s Chinese military and present day overseas Chinese ??
13)Founder: Unknown Name of style: Jiu Lian Dao of the Praying Mantis style Manual: Unknown but the form is practiced in Sichuan province Followers: Present day Chinese
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14)Founder: Yu Chenghui Name of style: Unknown but it is a double-handed jian form developed by Yu Chenghui based on the footwork of empty hand style Sun Bin Fists Manual: Unknown Followers: Present day Chinese
15)Founder: Unknown Name of style: Praying Mantis Jian Manual: "Tang Lang Quan", published by renmin tiyu chubanshe 1999, Beijing Followers: Present day Chinese
16)Founder: Unknown Name of style: Plum Blossom Praying Mantis Jian Manual: Unknown but 2 forms on VCD are available Followers: Present day Chinese
17)Founder: Unknown but of Taoist Emei sect origins Name of style: Emei Phoenix Tail 13 (stances) Jian Manual: http://emei-jian.freewebspace.com -- "Emei Jian Shu", published by Jindun Publishing House 2002, Beijing Followers: Present day Chinese
18)Founder: Unknown Name of style: Double-handed Jian form of Tong Bei Fists Manual: Unknown but a VCD is available Followers: Present day Chinese
19)Founder: Sun Lu Tang ?? Name of style: Double-handed Jian form of the Sun Lu Tang branch of the Xing Yi style Manual: Unknown but several VCDs and one DVD are available Followers: Present day Chinese and Americans
20)Founder: Unknown but most likely of Tang dynasty Chinese origins ?? Name of style: Double-handed Jian Manual: Ming Dynasty military manual Wu Bei Zhi chapter 86 and Muye Dobo Tongji (pages 146-157) Followers: Saber version practiced by present day Koreans
Note that the above list is not exhaustive, new additions or revisions are to be expected in the future.
" Muye Dobo Tongji " is a classical Korean martial arts manual and is available in English translation through Turtle Press (www.turtlepress.com). Click below for the original Korean edition in Chinese text of General Qi's Miao Dao form .... Korean edition - Chinese text of General Qi Jiguang's Miao Dao form
